This book is an ethnographic study of the development of the right to the city among rural labor migrants in China in the first decades of the 21st century. At its core is the question of how urban citizenship is negotiated and contested by migrant workers: at the level of discourses, practices, and organisations. The empirical foundation is a case study from the city of Hangzhou, in which the transformations of a migrant self-help organization are analysed genealogically. The author reconstructs the struggle for urban citizenship along three phases of migrant subjectification: being grassroots, becoming volunteer, and from volunteer to new urban citizen. She traces the intertwined process of shifting subject positions and organisational repositioning, situated in the tension between activism, voluntary engagement, and governance. The book contributes to critical citizenship and migration studies by foregrounding the blurring of boundaries between activism and governance in citizenship politics and by analysing migrant self-organization as an interface between activist claims and state integration policy. In doing so, it also advances the discussion on citizenship beyond the binary division of China and the West.